Injini, i-motor ingumshini ongaguqula ezinye izinhlobo zamandla zibe amandla emishini, okuhlanganisa izinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi (izinjini zikaphethiloli, njll.), izinjini ezivuthayo zangaphandle (Izinjini ze-Stirling, izinjini zesitimu, njll.), izinjini zikagesi, njll. Isibonelo. , izinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi ngokuvamile ziguqula amandla amakhemikhali abe amandla emishini.Injini isebenza kukho kokubili idivayisi ekhiqiza amandla kanye nawo wonke umshini kuhlanganise nedivayisi yamandla.Injini yazalwa okokuqala eNgilandi, ngakho-ke umqondo wenjini uvela esiNgisini.Incazelo yawo yasekuqaleni ibhekisela “esisetshenziswa esiwumshini esikhiqiza amandla.”

Umzimba unguhlaka lwamathambo enjini kanye nesisekelo sokufakwa kwezinqubo nezinhlelo ezihlukahlukene zenjini.Zonke izingxenye eziyinhloko kanye nezinsiza zenjini zifakwe ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwayo, futhi ithwala imithwalo ehlukahlukene.Ngakho-ke, umzimba kufanele ube namandla okwanele nokuqina.I-engine block yakhiwe ngokuyinhloko i-cylinder block, i-cylinder liner, i-cylinder head, i-cylinder gasket nezinye izingxenye.

Isimiso sokusebenza senjini sihlukaniswe izingxenye ezi-4 zokushaywa unhlangothi: ukushaywa unhlangothi, ukushaywa unhlangothi, ukushaywa kwamandla, nokushaywa umoya.Ungoti wezokunakekelwa kwe-FAW-Volkswagen Star uveze ukuthi ebusika uwoyela wenjini, uwoyela wamabhuleki kanye ne-antifreeze endaweni yenjini kufanele kubhekwe kaningi ukuze kubonakale ukuthi uwoyela wanele yini, wonakele yini nokuthi sekuyisikhathi sokushintshwa.Lawa mafutha anjengegazi lemoto yakho.Umjikelezo wokubuyisela kufanele ushintshwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhamba kahle kukawoyela.

Izinjini ezivamile ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke izinjini ezimotweni;zihlukaniswe izinjini zikaphethiloli nezinjini zikadizili ngokwamafutha ahlukene.Lolu hlobo lwenjini ngokuvamile lwakhiwe “izindlela ezimbili ezinkulu namasistimu amakhulu amahlanu”, okungukuthi, i-crank connecting rod mechanism, isitimela samavalvu, isistimu yokuphakela uphethiloli, isistimu yokuqala, isistimu yokupholisa, isistimu yokuthambisa, kanye nesistimu yokushisa.Injini kadizili ayinalo uhlelo lokuthungela.Izishisa ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nokucindezela ngokufaka uphethiloli ekamelweni elivuthayo ngendlela yenkungu enomfutho ophezulu.